Genetics 03: What is Darwin's Theory of Evolution?

In Darwin's theory of evolution, it is described that individuals with traits that are beneficial in their environment are more likely to survive thus more likely to have chances to reproduce and this is the reason why animals evolve. Darwin categorized evolution to three categories, natural selection, artificial selection, and sexual selection. Natural selection means wether if the beneficial individuals can survive was chosen by the state of the environment, while artificial selection is done by breeders selecting the more beneficial individuals to mate. Sexual selection is the evolution decided by how attractive an individual is because being attractive gives an individual more chance to mate.

Microevolution is an evolution that happens in the short period of time and usually in a small population. A microevolution can be caused in a few ways: mutation, migration, genetic drift, or natural selection. Mutation is when individuals within the population mutate and contribute new genes to the gene pool. Migration is when a group of new individual carrying different genes joins a population, the migrated individuals will contribute different genes to the gene pool thus causes a microevolution. Genetic drift is the situation where some individuals have more chances to mate by luck therefore their genes and traits get pass down more effectively, and natural selection is when some individuals have traits that help them to survive so their genes are more likely to be passed down.